Influence of urban morphology on air flow over building arrays

In the present paper we have analysed experimentally (wind tunnel) and numerically (CFD) the impact of some morphological parameters on the flow within and above the urban canopy. In particular, this study is a first attempt in systematically studying the flow in and above urban canopies using simplified, yet more realistic than a simple array of cuboids, building arrays. Current mathematical models would provide the same results for the six case studies presented here (two models by three wind directions), however the measured spatially averaged profiles are quite different from each other. Results presented here highlight that the differences in the spatially averaged vertical profiles are actually significant in all six experimental/numerical cases. Besides the building height variability, other morphological features proved to be a significant factor in shaping flow and dispersion at the local to neighbourhood scale in the urban canopy and directly above: building aspect ratio (or, conversely, the street canyon aspect ratio), the angle between the street canyons and the incoming wind and local geometrical features such as, for example, the presence of much taller buildings immediately upwind of the studied area.